Class Block<T>

The complete block including all block contents and done proof-of-work and action evaluation.

Inheritance

Object

Block<T>

Implements

IPreEvaluationBlock<T>

IBlockContent<T>

IBlockHeader

IPreEvaluationBlockHeader

IBlockMetadata

IBlockExcerpt

IEquatable<Block<T>>

Namespace: Libplanet.Blocks

Assembly: Libplanet.dll

Syntax

public sealed class Block<T> : object, IPreEvaluationBlock<T>, IBlockContent<T>, IBlockHeader, IPreEvaluationBlockHeader, IBlockMetadata, IBlockExcerpt, IEquatable<Block<T>> where T : IAction, new()

Type Parameters

Name	Description
T	A class implementing IAction to include. This type parameter is aligned with Transaction<T>'s type parameter.

Constructors

Block(IBlockHeader, IEnumerable<Transaction<T>>)

Creates a Block<T> instance by combining a block header and transactions.

Declaration

public Block(IBlockHeader header, IEnumerable<Transaction<T>> transactions)

Parameters

Type	Name	Description
IBlockHeader	header	The block header.
IEnumerable<Transaction<T>>	transactions	The transactions to include.

Exceptions

Type	Condition
InvalidBlockProtocolVersionException	Thrown when the header's ProtocolVersion is less than 0, or greater than CurrentProtocolVersion, the latest known protocol version.
InvalidBlockIndexException	Thrown when the header has a negative Index.
InvalidBlockDifficultyException	Thrown when the header's Difficulty is negative.
InvalidBlockTotalDifficultyException	Thrown when the header's TotalDifficulty is less than its Difficulty.
InvalidTxSignatureException	Thrown when any tx signature is invalid or not signed by its signer.
InvalidTxNonceException	Thrown when the same tx nonce is used by a signer twice or more, or a tx nonce is used without its previous nonce by a signer. Note that this validates only a block's intrinsic integrity between its transactions, but does not guarantee integrity between blocks. Such validation needs to be conducted by BlockChain<T>.
InvalidTxGenesisHashException	Thrown when transactions to set have inconsistent genesis hashes.
InvalidBlockTxHashException	Thrown when the given block header's TxHash is not consistent with its transactions.
InvalidBlockPreEvaluationHashException	Thrown when the given header has an invalid PreEvaluationHash.
InvalidBlockNonceException	Thrown when the given header's Nonce does not satisfy the required Difficulty.

Block(PreEvaluationBlock<T>, HashDigest<SHA256>, Nullable<ImmutableArray<Byte>>)

Creates a Block<T> instance by combining a preEvaluationBlock and its corresponding stateRootHash.

Declaration

public Block(PreEvaluationBlock<T> preEvaluationBlock, HashDigest<SHA256> stateRootHash, ImmutableArray<byte>? signature)

Parameters

Type	Name	Description
PreEvaluationBlock<T>	preEvaluationBlock	A pre-evaluation block.
HashDigest<SHA256>	stateRootHash	A state root hash determined from the given preEvaluationBlock and its previous state root.
Nullable<ImmutableArray<Byte>>	signature	The block signature made using the miner's private key.

Exceptions

Type	Condition
InvalidBlockSignatureException	Thrown when the signature signature is invalid.

Fields

CurrentProtocolVersion

The latest protocol version.

Declaration

public const int CurrentProtocolVersion = null

Field Value

Type	Description
Int32

Properties

Difficulty

The mining difficulty that the block's Nonce has to satisfy.

Declaration

public long Difficulty { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
Int64

Hash

A block's hash.

Declaration

public BlockHash Hash { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
BlockHash

See Also

PreEvaluationHash

StateRootHash

Hash

Header

The BlockHeader of the block.

Declaration

public BlockHeader Header { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
BlockHeader

Index

The height of the block.

Declaration

public long Index { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
Int64

Remarks

Zero means it is a genesis block. Disallowed to be negative.

See Also

Index

Miner

The address of the miner.

Declaration

public Address Miner { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
Address

Nonce

The proof-of-work nonce which satisfies the required Difficulty.

Declaration

public Nonce Nonce { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
Nonce

PreEvaluationHash

The hash derived from the block except of its state root hash (i.e., without action evaluation). Used for validating Nonce.

Declaration

public ImmutableArray<byte> PreEvaluationHash { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
ImmutableArray<Byte>

See Also

Nonce

PreviousHash

The previous block's hash. If it's a genesis block (i.e., its Index is 0) this must be null.

Declaration

public BlockHash? PreviousHash { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
Nullable<BlockHash>

ProtocolVersion

The protocol version number.

Declaration

public int ProtocolVersion { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
Int32

See Also

ProtocolVersion

PublicKey

The public key of the Miner. This is used for verifying the signature.

Although this is nullable type-wise, it is mandatory where ProtocolVersion is 2 or later. As blocks had not been signed in the previous protocol versions, the type of this is nullable.

Declaration

public PublicKey PublicKey { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
PublicKey

Signature

The digital signature of the whole block content (except for Hash, which is derived from the signature and other contents). This is made by the Miner's PrivateKey.

As the block signature is introduced since the protocol version 2, it is null for blocks with earlier protocol versions than 2. Although the property is type-wise, the block signature is mandatory since the protocol version 2.

Declaration

public ImmutableArray<byte>? Signature { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
Nullable<ImmutableArray<Byte>>

StateRootHash

The Hash of the resulting states after evaluating transactions and a BlockAction (if exists).

Declaration

public HashDigest<SHA256> StateRootHash { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
HashDigest<SHA256>

See Also

Hash

Timestamp

The time the block is created.

Declaration

public DateTimeOffset Timestamp { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
DateTimeOffset

Remarks

This is always UTC.

TotalDifficulty

The total mining difficulty since the genesis including the block's Difficulty.

Declaration

public BigInteger TotalDifficulty { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
BigInteger

Remarks

This must be greater than or equal to Difficulty at least, and must not be negative.

See Also

TotalDifficulty

Transactions

Transactions belonging to the block.

Declaration

public IReadOnlyList<Transaction<T>> Transactions { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
IReadOnlyList<Transaction<T>>

Remarks

This is always ordered by Id.

TxHash

The hash of all transactions in the block. This is null if the block has no transactions.

Declaration

public HashDigest<SHA256>? TxHash { get; }

Property Value

Type	Description
Nullable<HashDigest<SHA256>>

Methods

Equals(Block<T>)

Declaration

public bool Equals(Block<T> other)

Parameters

Type	Name	Description
Block<T>	other

Returns

Type	Description
Boolean

Equals(Nullable<Object>)

Declaration

public override bool Equals(object? obj)

Parameters

Type	Name	Description
Nullable<Object>	obj

Returns

Type	Description
Boolean

GetHashCode()

Declaration

public override int GetHashCode()

Returns

Type	Description
Int32

ToString()

Declaration

public override string ToString()

Returns

Type	Description
String

Operators

Equality(Block<T>, Block<T>)

Equivalent to .

Declaration

public static bool operator ==(Block<T> left, Block<T> right)

Parameters

Type	Name	Description
Block<T>	left	A block.
Block<T>	right	Another block.

Returns

Type	Description
Boolean	true if two blocks are equal. Otherwise false.

Inequality(Block<T>, Block<T>)

Negation of .

Declaration

public static bool operator !=(Block<T> left, Block<T> right)

Parameters

Type	Name	Description
Block<T>	left	A block.
Block<T>	right	Another block.

Returns

Type	Description
Boolean	true if two blocks are different. Otherwise false.

Implements

IPreEvaluationBlock<T>

IBlockContent<T>

IBlockHeader

IPreEvaluationBlockHeader

IBlockMetadata

IBlockExcerpt

IEquatable<>